Japan incorporates cryptocurrencies into the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act: a regulatory upgrade from payment instrument to financial product, along with a 20% tax separation reform.
On June 10, 2026, the Finance and Financial Affairs Committee of the Japanese House of Representatives passed an amendment to the FIEA (Financial Instruments and Exchange Act), transferring the regulation of crypto assets from the Payment Services Act to the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act, placing them under the same regulatory level as stocks and bonds. The accompanying tax reforms will reduce the income tax rate on crypto transactions from a maximum of 55% to 20%, implementing separate taxation, and introduce insider trading regulations, net capital ratio requirements, liability reserve systems, and statutory information disclosure obligations. The amendments also reserve institutional space for the establishment of crypto ETFs and are expected to be fully implemented in 2027.