The Rotterdam court in the Netherlands declared Knaken bankrupt: the first case under the MiCA framework to protect unregistered CASP consumers.
On July 16, 2026, the Rotterdam court in the Netherlands officially declared the cryptocurrency platform Knaken bankrupt, becoming the first unregistered CASP in the EU to be subject to judicial liquidation under the MiCA framework. Approximately 30,000 users were locked out, and €7 million in customer assets remained unaccounted for. The AFM launched enforcement action a year after the end of the Dutch MiCA transition period, while FIOD simultaneously initiated a criminal investigation. This case provides a final example for other unlicensed platforms in the EU.